The point of departure is the concept translation as a social and hermeneutic activity to facilitate understanding among people with different knowledge backgrounds. Human depicted dynamic, mind- body-bound process that referred in relevant literature embodied, embedded, extended enactive. decisive role translator’s attitude emphasised, including his or her awareness historical character mediat...

this paper intends to analyze the attitudes of translation criticism researchers in order to present a theoretical map for translation criticism studies, extract the investigators' learning resources, infer translation criticism criteria, and determine the kind, quality, and degree of interrelationship between translation criticism variables. the linguists, translatologists, and translator...

translation historiography is a research area that has attracted the attention of translation scholars in recent years. as a significant research area of translation historiography, exploring the national history of translation criticism can contribute to the delineation of how translation theory and practice correlate in a specific culture. moreover, it can indicate the extent of development o...

the abbasid era has been the period of florescence of the islamic culture and civilization. literature was of great contention in this era.the present article studies the relationship between translation and literary criticism which resulted in changes in the basic theories of literary criticism by critics.